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Ho Chi Minh, the most prominent representative of the Vietnamese resistance against foreign occupation, became the first president of Vietnam, albeit at the cost of dividing the country into North and South Vietnam. He consolidated his government in North Vietnam and supported the guerrilla movement People's Liberation Armed Forces, or Viet Cong for short, in the South. Six years before the final victory over the USA and the reunification of the country in 1975, Ho Chi Minh died at the age of 79.

Since his death, he has increasingly become a symbol of a free and unified country under communist leadership in Vietnam. In his mausoleum in Hanoin, Ho Chi Minh's veneration takes on religious traits; his bust stands in many of the country's temples and pagodas in accordance with the tradition of freedom fighters attaining deified status.